{"id":24438,"date":"2024-08-05T12:05:39","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T17:05:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/?page_id=24438"},"modified":"2025-10-16T18:16:40","modified_gmt":"2025-10-16T23:16:40","slug":"aoa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/aoa\/","title":{"rendered":"AOA"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"24438\" class=\"elementor elementor-24438\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1a4e7f8 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1a4e7f8\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-cbb0e34\" data-id=\"cbb0e34\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2af31bd\" data-id=\"2af31bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-412faec elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"412faec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-xl\">AOA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-035df2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"035df2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e565bf4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e565bf4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">A collection of resources for individuals and families affected by Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ccdb31c elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ccdb31c\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9caf062\" data-id=\"9caf062\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4463ba2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4463ba2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"#SCA8webinars\"><strong>WEBINAR<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2dde2d6\" data-id=\"2dde2d6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa6155b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa6155b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"#SCA8webinars\"><strong>RESEARCH<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6faee96\" data-id=\"6faee96\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f35ba9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f35ba9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"#SCA8factsheet\"><strong>INFORMATION<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70ab0bd\" data-id=\"70ab0bd\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-64014bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"64014bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"#SCA8SCAsource\"><strong>RESEARCH NEWS<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-20 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b3b18f\" data-id=\"6b3b18f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ccf608 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4ccf608\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a style=\"color: #ffffff;\" href=\"https:\/\/interland3.donorperfect.net\/weblink\/weblink.aspx?name=E79738&amp;id=285\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>BECOME A MEMBER &gt;&gt;<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-cfa17a4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"cfa17a4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-882dbbb\" data-id=\"882dbbb\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-949541a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"949541a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-270bce7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"270bce7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\">Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA) is caused by a genetic mutation that is passed on from parents to their children. AOA leads to problems with balance and coordination, as issues with moving eyes side to side. For complete information about symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of Ataxia, visit our <\/span><strong style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\"><span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/what-is-ataxia\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">What is Ataxia?<\/a><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\"> page. This page contains NAF&#8217;s resources that are specific to AOA.<\/span><\/p><p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/interland3.donorperfect.net\/weblink\/weblink.aspx?name=E79738&amp;id=285\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sign up for our mailing list<\/a><\/span><\/strong> to stay up-to-date on Ataxia news.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bf3a4d9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bf3a4d9\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-360a9b2\" data-id=\"360a9b2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55e8e3b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"55e8e3b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f2936d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"f2936d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"SCA8webinars\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cf063f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5cf063f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Webinar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc6a6ce elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"dc6a6ce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0663c90 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0663c90\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63d5a16\" data-id=\"63d5a16\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b002ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b002ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">All About AOA<br>\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf59f9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-video\" data-id=\"bf59f9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;youtube_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/youtu.be\\\/medCkg192Tw&quot;,&quot;video_type&quot;:&quot;youtube&quot;,&quot;controls&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"video.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-wrapper elementor-open-inline\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-video\"><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bd2e5c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bd2e5c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Presented by Brent Fogel, MD, PhD<\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>During this webinar, Dr. Fogel looked at the causes and symptoms of Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA), the typical diagnostic journey for those affected, what to expect for clinical care, and an overview of current research into the disease.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06b8160 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06b8160\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>NAF offers webinars on many topics to help you live better with Ataxia. Visit\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/webinars\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.ataxia.org\/webinars<\/a><\/span>\u00a0to find other helpful presentations.<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-836b4fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"836b4fa\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3bd4727\" data-id=\"3bd4727\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6f1d3ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"6f1d3ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d867e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"5d867e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"pipeline\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f95ad7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8f95ad7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Participate in Research and Treatment Development <\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65e0736 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"65e0736\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-40e558f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"40e558f\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-504e85f\" data-id=\"504e85f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b35887 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b35887\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Participating in a research study or clinical trial is one way to take an active role in furthering understanding and treatment of Ataxia. It is also a way to get access to new treatment options before they are widely available. To find studies that are enrolling patients, visit our\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/help-develop-new-treatments\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Help Develop New Treatments<\/a><\/strong><\/span>\u00a0page.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b1e4d99 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"b1e4d99\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/help-develop-new-treatments\/\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Find a Study<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c40d5ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c40d5ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a0b465 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5a0b465\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Past NAF-Funded Research for AOA\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e32ff6 elementor-align-start elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"2e32ff6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/2025-naf-research-grants\/#:~:text=Research%20Title%3A%20Dissecting,Ataxia%20Type%3A%20AOA2\" target=\"_blank\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-external-link-alt\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M432,320H400a16,16,0,0,0-16,16V448H64V128H208a16,16,0,0,0,16-16V80a16,16,0,0,0-16-16H48A48,48,0,0,0,0,112V464a48,48,0,0,0,48,48H400a48,48,0,0,0,48-48V336A16,16,0,0,0,432,320ZM488,0h-128c-21.37,0-32.05,25.91-17,41l35.73,35.73L135,320.37a24,24,0,0,0,0,34L157.67,377a24,24,0,0,0,34,0L435.28,133.32,471,169c15,15,41,4.5,41-17V24A24,24,0,0,0,488,0Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">Dissecting the role of innate immune activation and reactive oxygen species in ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2 (AOA2)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98ef45d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"98ef45d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8e577ce elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8e577ce\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a3a7aab\" data-id=\"a3a7aab\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d46d4a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7d46d4a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8bb4bca elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"8bb4bca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"SCA8factsheet\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c00e93 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c00e93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Information<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48bf7b5 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"48bf7b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f30641a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f30641a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA) is a group of rare neurodegenerative disorders. There are many types of AOA, with the most common being AOA1, AOA2, and AOA4. Each type of AOA is caused by mutations in different genes.<\/p><ul><li>AOA1 is often associated with muscle twitching and jerky movements, as well as increased cholesterol levels. Symptoms usually begin around age 4.<\/li><li>AOA2 is often associated with muscle twitching and jerky movements. Symptoms usually begin around age 15. People with AOA2 also have high amounts of the proteins alpha-fetoprotein and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in their blood. It is unknown why AFP and CPK levels are elevated. Some people with AOA2 also have high cholesterol.<\/li><li>AOA4 is often associated with repetitive muscle contractions, as well as muscle wasting in the hands and feet. Symptoms usually begin around age 4.<\/li><\/ul><div>The frequency of AOA varies across the world. AOA1 is most common in Japan and AOA4 is most common in Portugal, though both forms are found across the world. AOA2 is the most common form of AOA worldwide, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 900,000.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fb3f7e elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4fb3f7e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/AOA.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Printable Fact Sheet<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-ebb21f0 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"ebb21f0\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-c57bcd7\" data-id=\"c57bcd7\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7505feb elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7505feb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Symptoms<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a79755 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a79755\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>Like many other forms of Ataxia, AOA is marked by poor balance and coordination. In fact, the word Ataxia means incoordination. There can also be problems coordinating muscles that control speech and swallowing.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Most people with AOA also have oculomotor apraxia, which means they have difficulty moving their eyes side-to-side. Instead, most people with AOA need to turn their head to see things on either side, rather than moving their eyes.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Neuropathy is also common for people with AOA. This slows down the connection between nerves, leading to impaired reflexes, limb weakness, and poor sensation in the hands and feet.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Intelligence is not usually impacted by AOA1 an AOA2. Some people with AOA4 have an intellectual disability.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-84e9380 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"84e9380\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4876660\" data-id=\"4876660\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-20b96dd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"20b96dd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Prognosis<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dec5176 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dec5176\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>AOA symptoms usually begin in childhood. AOA1 and AOA4 usually begin around age 4. AOA2 symptoms usually begin around age 15. Most individuals with AOA will need to eventually use a wheelchair, typically 10 to 15 years after the start of balance and coordination issues. Lifespan generally is not shortened by the disease.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Due to increased cholesterol levels, people with AOA have an increased risk of developing heart disease. Following a low-cholesterol diet is recommended for most people with AOA, to reduce these risks. Treatments such as physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech-language therapy can also significantly improve the lives of people with AOA.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5ce4229 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5ce4229\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-70cb351\" data-id=\"70cb351\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-205a301 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"205a301\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Genetics<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4db77c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4db77c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>AOA are a group of genetic disorders, which means that they are inherited diseases. Each type of AOA is caused by mutations in different genes.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><ul><li>AOA1 is caused by mutations in the APTX gene.<\/li><li>AOA2: is caused by mutations in the SETX gene.<\/li><li>AOA4: is caused by mutations in the PNKP gene.<\/li><\/ul><div>Genes are microscopic structures within the cells of our bodies that contain instructions for every feature a person inherits from his or her parents. The abnormal gene responsible for different forms of AOA is passed along from generation to generation by family members who carry it. Most of the genes that cause AOA are involved in repairing damaged DNA.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>AOA1, AOA2, and AOA4 are autosomal recessive diseases. This means that you need two copies of the gene that causes a specific form of AOA to develop this disorder. It also means that individuals of either sex are equally likely to inherit the gene and develop the disease.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Each child of a person with AOA has a 50 percent chance of inheriting the gene that causes AOA. However, since you need two copies of the AOA gene to develop the disorder, people with one AOA gene mutation do not get sick. We call these people carriers, since they have an AOA gene mutation and can pass it on to their children. If two people who carry an AOA gene mutation have children, they have a 25 percent chance of having a child who inherits two AOA gene mutations and develops AOA.<\/div><div>\u00a0<\/div><div>Gene tests can be performed for diagnostic purposes to determine what kind of Ataxia is within a person or family. Genetic testing also can be done, in some circumstances, even before there are symptoms to determine whether a person carries the abnormal gene or genes that cause Ataxia. This is called predictive or presymptomatic testing. A gene test also can be used to determine whether a fetus has an abnormal Ataxia gene. This is called prenatal testing. Anyone who is considering a predictive or prenatal test should consult with a genetic counselor to discuss the reasons for the test, the possible outcomes, and how those outcomes might affect the person emotionally, medically, or socially.\u202f<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-87325cb elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"87325cb\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-51f3593\" data-id=\"51f3593\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3e310c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b3e310c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Diagnosis<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-073535c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"073535c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>A neurologic examination can determine whether a person has symptoms typical of AOA. A neurologist is often the most helpful specialist in recognizing symptoms and diagnosing the disease that causes Ataxia. There are several potential follow-up tests. MRI brain imaging may be used to confirm the cerebellar atrophy. Blood tests can be used to detect increased levels of AFP, CPK, or cholesterol. An EMG can be used to confirm neuropathy.<\/div><div>A definitive diagnosis of AOA is established following genetic testing. This confirms that someone has the mutation that causes AOA1, AOA2, AOA4, or another type of AOA.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3c436da elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3c436da\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ad33cf3\" data-id=\"ad33cf3\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf03665 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bf03665\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55a86c8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-menu-anchor\" data-id=\"55a86c8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"menu-anchor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-menu-anchor\" id=\"SCA8SCAsource\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c9cb964 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c9cb964\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">AOA Research News<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5778919 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"5778919\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cfeb10 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cfeb10\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>SCAsource provides Ataxia research news, directly from researchers to the Ataxia community. <span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\">Visit\u00a0<\/span><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/SCAsource\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SCAsource<\/a><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: var( --e-global-color-text ); font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\"> to see their full collection.\u00a0<\/span>Here is a collection of articles relevant to AOA.\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40ac5a1 elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-posts--thumbnail-top elementor-widget elementor-widget-posts\" data-id=\"40ac5a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_laptop&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-22620 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-scasource-snapshot tag-ataxia tag-english tag-speech-language-pathology tag-symptoms tag-talking\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-intelligibility\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jan-19-SCAsource-Image-300x157.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22621\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jan-19-SCAsource-Image-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jan-19-SCAsource-Image-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jan-19-SCAsource-Image-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Jan-19-SCAsource-Image.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-intelligibility\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tSnapshot: What is intelligibility?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Speech intelligibility refers to how many words can be correctly understood by a listener. For example, if someone says the phrase, \u201cMy name is John,\u201d and a listener hears, \u201cMy <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-intelligibility\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-22277 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-scasource-snapshot tag-ataxia tag-english tag-speech-language-pathology tag-symptoms tag-talking\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-prosody\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Nov-10-Featured-Image-Sized-300x157.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-22284\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Nov-10-Featured-Image-Sized-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Nov-10-Featured-Image-Sized-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Nov-10-Featured-Image-Sized-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Nov-10-Featured-Image-Sized.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-prosody\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tSnapshot: What is prosody?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Speech not only consists of the words we say, but how we say them. That \u201chow\u201d is what is called prosody: the pitch, loudness, and timing of speech. The term <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-prosody\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-19472 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-article-summary tag-ataxia tag-english tag-patient-research tag-unknown-ataxia-type tag-wearable-technologies\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/sara-home\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/shutterstock_664160281-768x512-1-300x200.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19512\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/shutterstock_664160281-768x512-1-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/shutterstock_664160281-768x512-1.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/sara-home\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tScientists develop a new approach to assessing Ataxia at home\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Written by Ziyang Zhao Edited by Dr. Hayley McLoughlin A newly developed smartphone application will allow patients to assess ataxia at home. There\u2019s an interesting problem in science that\u2019s often <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/sara-home\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-19465 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-scasource-snapshot tag-aso-treatment tag-ataxia tag-biomarker tag-clinical-research tag-english tag-patient-research tag-research-methods\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"297\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_1143762689-edited-768x775-1-297x300.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19589\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_1143762689-edited-768x775-1-297x300.webp 297w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_1143762689-edited-768x775-1-45x45.webp 45w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/shutterstock_1143762689-edited-768x775-1.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 297px) 100vw, 297px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tSnapshot: What is Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>Public transit may not be the first thing that comes to mind when we think about the brain, but it\u2019s a great way to understand how all the parts of <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-cerebrospinal-fluid-csf\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-19451 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-scasource-snapshot tag-ataxia tag-dna tag-english tag-genetic-testing\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-a-gene\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Gene1-768x736-1-300x288.webp\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-19548\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Gene1-768x736-1-300x288.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Gene1-768x736-1.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-a-gene\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tSnapshot: What is a Gene?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>A gene is the basic physical unitof heredity. Every living cell contains genetic information that determines an organism\u2019s development, form, and function. This genetic information is encoded by two macromolecules: <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-a-gene\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-19415 scasourceposts type-scasourceposts status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry category-scasource-snapshot tag-arsacs tag-ataxia tag-english tag-genetic-testing\" role=\"listitem\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-recessive-ataxia\/\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"157\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Featured-Image-Size-3-300x157.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-20153\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Featured-Image-Size-3-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Featured-Image-Size-3-1024x536.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Featured-Image-Size-3-768x402.png 768w, https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Featured-Image-Size-3.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-recessive-ataxia\/\" target=&quot;_blank&quot;>\n\t\t\t\tSnapshot: What is recessive ataxia?\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__excerpt\">\n\t\t\t<p>What is a recessive disorder? A recessive disorder is one that has a specific disease mechanism. For a recessive disorder to occur, both copies of the causative gene must be <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-recessive-ataxia\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7444225 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7444225\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>AOA A collection of resources for individuals and families affected by Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA). WEBINAR RESEARCH INFORMATION RESEARCH NEWS BECOME A MEMBER &gt;&gt; Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA) <a class=\"MoreInfo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/scasourceposts\/snapshot-what-is-recessive-ataxia\/\">Read More&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":21512,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24438","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AOA - National Ataxia Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn about Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA), a rare neurodegenerative disorder. Explore symptoms, genetics, and current research initiatives.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ataxia.org\/aoa\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AOA - National Ataxia Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Learn about Ataxia with Oculomotor Apraxia (AOA), a rare neurodegenerative disorder. 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